Turbine.



PATENTED SEPT. 6, 1904. O. JUNGGREN. TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED we. 21. 1902.

N0 MODEL.

Inventor ggr'en,

DqCC

n U 4 J 9 w a w w 9 R x a e s O o a 70 .I N U 7 AI. Q 3 b a s Q 9 a a oI 6 2 l 2 5 H I l. H I a 1 .I a a e S M MW F n a m Patented September 6,'1 904.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

OSCAR JUN GGREN, OF SOIIENEOTADY. NEW' YORK, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELEOTRIO COMPAN Y,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TURBINE.

SPECIFICATION forming Application filed August 21, 1902.

To all whom it ntrty (m writ:

Be it known that I, Oscar. JUxGGnEN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Schenectady, county of Schenectady, State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Turbines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

.It has been proposed to provide turbines with governors which arewheel-case in order to protect them from injury, particularly where theturbines are used to drive dynamo-electric machines arranged to supplycurrent to locomotive-headlights. All of the turbines of this class withwhich 1 am familiar are provided with complicated governors which have agreat many moving parts and bearing-surfaces and are so arranged that itis impossible to inspect them without taking down the turbine to aconsiderable extent.

My invention has for its object to so arrange the turbine and thegovernor parts that the complex mechanism usually employed is obviatedand the turbine and governor parts rendered reasonably accessible.

For a consideration of what I. consider to be novel and my inventionattention is called to the specification and claims appended hereto.

In the accompanying drawings, which representan embodiment of myinvention, Figure 1 is a vertical section of a turbine. Fig. 2. is avertical section of the governor. Fig. 3 is a plan view of one of thegovernor-weights, and Fig. at is a cross-section of the inlet-valve forcontrolling the passage of fluid to the turbine.

1 represents the outer casingof the machine, which is provided with abase .2 and an exhaust-passage 3, the latter opening into the under sideof the casing in such a manner that the water due to condensation willbe drained therefrom. The upper surface of the casing is turned true toreceive the cover H1. The latter is made in two parts, and these arebolted to the base. To the smaller part of the cover is detachablysecured by screws or bolts the nozzle 5, the latter being of anysuitable construction. I find it desirable,although not necessary, tomake this nozzle of the expanding type, since it has many advantages.

, Rotating the wheel in front inclosed in the,

part of Letters Patent No. 769,612, dated September 6, 1904.

Serial No. 120,477. (No model.)

The smaller cover-section is bolted to the 5 larger and also to thewheel-casing 1. By such a construction the nozzle can readily be removedfor the purpose of inspection or repair, and when removed the interiorof the casing can be inspected to a certain extent.

of the opening affords an opportunity to inspect the buckets on thewheel. The other or main part of the cover carries the admission-valve 6and hasa fluid-carrying conduit or passage T,that opens into a similarconduit 8, formed in the other or smaller part of the cover, and thelatter discharges into the nozzle 5. Situated above the valve anddetachably secured to the cover by bolts is a plate 9, containing aconduit, one 5 end of which is in communication with the main valve andthe other with the inlet-pipe. Removing the plate gives access to thevalve, which is directly below it and in line with the axis of thewheel.

Mounted for movement within the casing is a wheel 10, having a pluralityof buckets 11, arranged in rows. The number of buckets in a row and thenumber of rows can be varied to suit the different conditions ofservice. In so far as the construction of the casing and that of thegovernor mechanism is concerned it is obvious that the particularstructure of the motive-power elements is immaterial. Located betweenthe rows of revolving buckets are other and stationary buckets 12,commonly known as intermediates. These are mounted on a support which isbolted to the turbinecasing and can readily be removed.

he bucket-wheel is mounted on the end of 5 the upright shaft 13 and isseated on a shoulder formed thereon. The shaft is shown in a verticalposition; but it is to be understood that the turbine and governor willoperate equally well in a horizontal position. Being in a vertical 9position, a step-bearing (not shown) is provided for the lower end ofthe shaft. The base is provided with a raised portion having an inclinedtop and an enlarged opening, and mounted in the opening is a flangeddisk lei, which surrounds the shaft and forms a part of a packing-ringfor preventing steam from escaping from the casing or for maintaining avacuum. The disk is held in place by a number ofangula-rly-spaced boltsand projects slightly above the raised portion, so as to prevent thecollection of water at this point. In the disk is a chamber containingpacking, and the latter is compressed by the gland 15, the said glandbeing adjustably secured 'by bolts. The top of the disk 14 is inclinedor beveled, so that the Water due to condensation will be carried overthe raised portion of the base into the exhaust-conduit. Situated belowthe packing-ring and carried by the base is a steady bearing 16 of anydesired construction. The packing ring and gland and also the steadyhearing are accessible through a hole 17 in the side of the base. Thecasing is provided with an extension or subbase 18 and is prevented frommoving laterally by a flange or projection 19, formed on the under side.The support for the subbase 18 may be a part of a dynamo or otherapparatus to be driven.

Steam on being admitted to the turbine passes through the nozzle intothe passages formed between the buckets on the wheel and intermediate.This action imparts rotary motion to the Wheel, and the exhaust passesout of the conduit 3 in any suitable receptacle, such as a second stageor into a condenser.

Situated in the detachable cover and so positioned that it can regulatethe passage of steam through the conduit 7 is the slidingthrottle-valve. It comprises a tubular casing or steam-chest, which canbe withdrawn from above and has ports 20, that are arranged to becovered or uncovered by the piston-valve 21. The valve is detachablysecured to a stem 22, that extends parallel and in line with the axis ofthe main shaft. By removing the plate 9 the valve can be removed withoutdisturbing the remainder of the turbine or governor. The piston-valve isprovided with openings which extend parallel with the stem, andtherefore the high-pressure steam acts on both ends. The valve ispractically balanced; but owing to the valve-stem being attached to itsunder side the area of the upper side is slightly greater than that ofthe lower or underside. I utilize this difference in area to overcomefriction and to cause the valve to move downward whenever it ispermitted to do so by the governor. The valve-rod is provided with along bearing in the cover, which effectively prevents steam from leakingfrom the conduit into the wheel-chamber. The governor is mounteddirectly on the end of the main shaft, and I employ the base thereof asa nut to secure the wheel in place.

Referring particularly to Fig. 2, 23 represents the base of thegovernor, having a screwthreaded opening at its lower end to receive themain driving-shaft and a spring-receiving opening at the other. Thecompression-spring 24 is seated on a shoulder formed on the base andtends at all times to push the thimble 25 I J l outward. The thimble hasa finished exterior and is guided in its movements by the cylindricalwall of the base. On the end of the thimble and in line with thevalve-stem 22 is a projection 26, which as it engages with the stemmoves it in a manner to vary the admission of steam to the nozzle.Situated on opposite sides of the governor-base and secured thereto arearms 27, which are connected at their outer ends by a detachable piece.These arms are arranged to support the moving weights, and the endpieces are provided with grooves 28 to receive the knife-edges on theweight-arms. Each Weight-arm is provided with a knife-edge 29, whichengages with a groove 28 in an arm 27. On the ends of the arms are heavyWeights 30, which are curved so as conform to the curvature of the base.On the weight-arm and at a point between the weights and preferablyabove the knife-edge 29 is a projection 31, formed integral therewith.In the end of each projection is mounted a roller 32, which engages withtheend of the thimble and causes it to moveup-or down as the speed ofthe wheel changes. It should be noted that the knife-edge pivots for theweighted arms are nearer one weight than the other. By using two weightsand mounting them as described one of the weights must move inwardtoward the center of revolution while the other moves outward. Obviouslythe one exerting the greater leverage will overcome the other. In thepresent instance the lower weights exert the greater effort. Theconstruction described is a very advantageous one, since it permits meto use a relatively short spring 24, while attaining all ofthe'be'nefits of heavy weights. It also enables me to make the partssmall and compact and of simple construction.

In order to prevent excessive wearing of the moving parts, the slottedarms containing the grooves can be hardened as well as the knife-edgesthemselves. The thimble and rollers can also be hardened, if desired.The governor acts directly on the valve-stem Without the intervention ofany levers whatsoever. Hence the mechanical simplification over'ordinarygovernors is marked. It is also inclosed so as to be fully protectedfrom injury, and as the turbine is more especially intended for use inconnection with electric headlights for locomotives where it is exposedthe usefulness of such an arrangement is apparent. The governor beingsituated in the wheel-chamber, which is at all times filled withlow-pressure steam when the turbine is running, will be well lubricatedby the water due to condensation.

In accordance with the provisions of-the patent statutes I havedescribed the principle of operation of my invention, together with theapparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof;but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onlyillustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

\Vhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of theUnited States. is

1. In a turbine, the combination of a wheel, a casing therefor, a valvefor controlling the admission of fluid to the wheel, which is directlyin line with the wheel-axis, a governor which is completely inclosed by'the wheelcasing for actuating the valve, and a conduit for conveying thefluid from the valve to the periphery of the wheel.

2. In a turbine. the combination of a wheelcasing, a detaching cover forthe casing, a valve for controlling the turbine mounted in the cover anddirectly in line with the axis of the wheel, a wheel, and a governoractuated by the wheel for adjusting the valve which is situated betweenthe cover and the wheel in the steam-space of the casing.

3. In a turbine, the combination of a bucketwheel, a casing therefor, acover for the easing, a valve controlling the admission of fluid to thewheel which is mounted in the cover and in line with the wheel-axis, agovernor mounted on the end of the wheel-shaft between the wheel andcover, and a stem extending into the cover which actuates the valve andis itself moved by the governor.

i. In a turbine, the combination of a wheel, a casing therefor, a valvewhich is situated within the casing in line with the shaft of the wheel,a governor which is within the casing and in contact with thelow-pressure fluid from the wheel, and a driving connection between thegovernor and the wheel.

5. In a turbine, the combination of a bucketwheel, a shaft therefor, agovernor mounted on the shaft engaging with and holding the wheel inplace, and a casing which incloses the bucket-wheel and the governor.

6. In a turbine, the combination of a wheel, a casing therefor, atwo-part detachable cover, an admission-valve carried by one of theparts,

and a nozzle which delivers fluid to the wheel 1 and is carried by theother part of the cover.

7. In a turbine, the combination of a wheel, a casing therefor, atwo-part detachable cover, a nozzle for delivering motive fluid to thewheel which is detachably secured to the cover, and an admission-valvewhich is wholly carried by one part of the cover.

8. In a turbine, the combination of a wheel, a casing therefor having araised interior portion with a slanting top, a vertical shaft for theWheel which passes through said raised portion, a stuffing-box for theshaft which extends above the raised portion of the base to prevent theaccumulation of water, and an exhaust-conduit leading out of the casingfrom a point below said raised portion.

9. In a turbine, the combination of a wheel, a casing therefor having araised portion which surrounds the shaft of the wheel and has aninclined top, a stufling-box which surrounds the shaft and is carried bysaid raised portion, and a steady bearing which is carried by the baseof the casing.

10. In a turbine, the combination of a wheel, peripheral bucketstherefor, an expanding nozzle for discharging fluid against the bucketsin the form of a jet under high velocity, a governor attached to the endof the wheelshaft, a valve controlling the supply of fluid to thenozzle, a means moved axially by the governor for moving the valve, anda casing that is common to the governor and valve,

which incloses and protects them from injury.

11. In a rotary engine, a stationary easing, a steam-driven wheelmounted therein, a steam-inlet centrally located in one side of saidcasing, a steam passage-way leading from the inlet and dischargingagainst the wheel, and means driven by the wheel and within the casingfor controlling the admission of steam through said inlet.

12. In a rotary engine, a stationary casing, a steam-driven wheelmounted therein, a valvereceiving chamber centrally located in one sideof said casing through which the steam enters the casing, a slidevalvefor regulating the passage of steam through said chamber, and meanswithin the casing and actuated by the wheel for controlling themovements of said valve.

13. In a rotary engine, a casing formed of two members or halves securedtogether, a wheel mounted therein, a steam passage way leading from acentral portion of one member to a point between said members, and anozzle communicating with the outlet end of said passage whichdischarges steam against the wheel.

H. In a rotary engine, the combination of a casing, one side of which isdetachable, a valve for controlling the engine mounted in the detachableside of said casing and directly in line with the axis of the wheel, awheel, and a governor actuated by the wheel for adjusting the valve,said governor being located between the wheel and the detachable portionof the casing.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this etth day of August,190:2.

OSCAR JUKGGREV.

\Vitnesses:

BENJAMIN B. HULL, H. Enrru SILLIMAN.

